US PATENT SUBCLASS 210 / 660
.~ Ion exchange or selective sorption

Current as of: June, 1999
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210 /   HD   LIQUID PURIFICATION OR SEPARATION

600  DF  PROCESSES {14}
660.~ Ion exchange or selective sorption {8}
661  DF  .~.~> By passing through suspended bed
662  DF  .~.~> And liquid testing or volume measuring
663  DF  .~.~> Including diverse separating or treating of liquid {4}
670  DF  .~.~> Including rehabilitating or regenerating exchange material or sorbent {7}
679  DF  .~.~> Utilizing exchange or sorbent material associated with inert material {1}
681  DF  .~.~> Removing ions {4}
689  DF  .~.~> Sorbing water from diverse liquid
690  DF  .~.~> Sorbing organic constituent {1}

DEFINITION

Classification: 210/660

Ion exchange or selective sorption:

(under subclass 600) Process in which the liquid is contacted with a solid insoluble material which (a) captures from the liquid a dissociated charged chemical moiety and releases to the liquid a different charged moiety of the same polarity by dissociation thereby effecting a chemical replacement reaction, (b) holds by attraction on its surface or within its pores a constituent dissolved or colloidally dispersed in the liquid, or (c) preferentially attracts one of two or more liquids in contact with each other.

(1) Note. The processes provided for in subclasses 633, 634+, 656+, and 660+ utilize similar functions based on relative attraction or repellancy of materials and an explanation of the distinction between the concepts of subclasses 633 and 634+ on the one hand and of subclasses 656+ and 660+ on the other hand, is given in the definition of subclass 634.

(2) Note. The ion exchanger or sorbent (separatory material) is usually granular or porous for more surface contact and the preferential attraction may be exhibited by sorption of the entire liquid with preferential release of the constituents.

(3) Note. Processes directed to the production of a particular compound or composition (including solutions of either the compound or composition in water), or directed to the purification thereof are classified with the particular compound or composition. Processes wherein all claims are limited to the deposition of specific materials on ion exchangers or sorbents with subsequent recovery of the specific materials are classified with the materials so operated upon.

(4) Note. The line between this class (210) and Class 521, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers is as follows: Where a patent contains a claim to an ion exchange synthetic resin and also a claim to a process involving the mere treatment of a liquid, which process is classifiable in Class 210 [see (2) Note], the patent is classifiable in Class 521 and cross-referenced to this class (210). If all the claims are drawn to a process of treating liquids with ion exchange

resins or any claim includes a significant liquid treating step the patent is classified in this class (210) and cross-referenced to Class 521 when necessary. The presence or absence of a significant step of regenerating the resin in a process of treating a liquid does not effect this line.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

189, for separatory apparatus including plural chambers with movement of granules therebetween. 190, for separatory apparatus with external means to supply regenerating medium thereto.

263+, for a particulate material-type separator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

95, Gas Separation: Processes,

90+, for processes of gas separation using solid sorbents.

134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,

25, for processes of treating solids in bulk.

252, Compositions,

179, for a water insoluble base exchange agent containing water treating compositions.

423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, appropriate subclasses for a process employing a chemical reaction to produce inorganic compounds which may be useful in ion exchange.

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making, for composition comprising a catalyst or sorbent, per se, and see especially

60+, and 400+ for a sorbent which may be used in purifying liquid. 521, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubber, for a resinous ion exchanger composition, and especially

26, for a regeneration process, per se.

554, Organic Compounds,

191+, and 708 for adsorption processes involving organic materials, see (3) Note.