US PATENT SUBCLASS 405 / 53
.~ Fluid storage in earthen cavity

Current as of: June, 1999
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405 /   HD   HYDRAULIC AND EARTH ENGINEERING

52  DF  FLUID CONTROL, TREATMENT, OR CONTAINMENT {7}
53.~ Fluid storage in earthen cavity {3}
54  DF  .~.~> With indicator or alarm means
55  DF  .~.~> Cavity construction {2}
59  DF  .~.~> Supply or recovery of stored fluid by separate fluid

DEFINITION

Classification: 405/53

Fluid storage in earthen cavity:

(under subclass 52) Method or apparatus related to storing a fluid in a reservoir or underground chamber having walls of natural earth or such walls which are coated, lined, or otherwise made less permeable.

(1) Note. For original placement in this subclass, a patent claiming a fluid storage reservoir must recite the same as a complete container (i.e., including the bottom surface) formed in or on the earth's surface. Patents claiming merely an enclosing wall or levee are excluded and will be found in subclasses 107+.

(2) Note. The concept of storage includes the ability to

retrieve the stored material. Placement of a material in a cavity without retrieval ability is considered to be disposal.

(3) Note. This subclass is not intended to take mere tanks buried in the earth without any other specific relationship thereto.

(4) Note. This subclass does not include treatment of the material stored other than that which is incidental to the handling thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

107+, for subject matter relating to a fluid-impounding earthen wall without regard to the earth surface underlying the fluid. 128+, for waste disposal in an earth formation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

37, Excavating, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus relating to digging, handling, and moving material.

48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating,

174+, for vessels for the storage of gas.

52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), appropriate subclasses for building constructions of more general application, particularly

20, for an enclosure with top entrance in cover section; subclasses 128+ for a burial vault; subclasses 169+ for a construction with a particular terranean feature; subclasses 192+ for a liquid or fluent material container with a material port; and subclasses 245+ for an intersecting or curvilinear construction, e.g., storage tanks.

62, Refrigeration,

45.1+, and particularly subclass 53.1 for methods and apparatus for the handling of liquefied gas involving steps or means special to liquefied gas and more than required for any liquid or gas under pressure.

137, Fluid Handling, appropriate subclasses for methods and structure relating to the handling of fluids, especially

255+, for plural tanks with parallel flow; subclasses 343+ for fluid handling combined with static constructional installations; subclasses 386+ for liquid level responsive or maintaining systems; and subclasses 561+ for distribution systems. 166, Wells, appropriate subclasses for devices or processes relating to wells which extract fluids from their naturally occurring locations in the earth, see particularly

305.1, for a process utilized in removal of a fluid from its naturally occurring location in the earth which includes the step of causing another fluid to enter the pores of the earth.

175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, appropriate subclasses for processes and means for forming bores in the earth, particularly

65+, for processes of boring with fluid; subclasses 207+ for above-ground means for handling drilling fluid or cuttings; and subclass 424 and the search there noted for earth boring nozzles.

425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,

59, for apparatus for forming a construction in situ employing a portion of the earth below-ground level as a mold.