US PATENT SUBCLASS 44 / 300
LIQUID FUELS (EXCLUDING FUELS THAT ARE EXCLUSIVELY MIXTURES OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS)

Current as of: June, 1999
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44 /   HD   FUEL AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS

300LIQUID FUELS (EXCLUDING FUELS THAT ARE EXCLUSIVELY MIXTURES OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS) {31}
301  DF  .~> Emulsion fuel (e.g., water-gasoline emulsions, etc.) {1}
303  DF  .~> Oxo still bottoms containing (i.e., distillation residues from reaction product of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and olefin)
304  DF  .~> Organic compound of indeterminate structure which is a reaction product of an organic compound with sulfur halide or elemental sulfur containing
305  DF  .~> Phosphosulfurized or phosphooxidized organic compound of indeterminate structure containing (i.e., reaction products of organic compounds with phosphorus sulfides or oxides)
306  DF  .~> Rosin, tall oil, or derivatives thereof containing (except abietic acids or fatty acids derived therefrom)
307  DF  .~> Plant or animal extract mixtures or extracts of indeterminate structure containing {1}
309  DF  .~> Organic oxidate of indeterminate composition containing (e.g., paraffin wax oxidate or petroleum oxidate, etc.) {1}
311  DF  .~> Sludge, pitch, tar, or tar distillate containing
312  DF  .~> Quinone or anthraquinone containing (e.g., quinhydrone, benzoquinones, etc.)
313  DF  .~> Carbohydrate containing
314  DF  .~> Boron containing {4}
320  DF  .~> Silicon containing
321  DF  .~> Free metal or alloy containing
322  DF  .~> Containing acyclic oxygen single bonded to acyclic oxygen (i.e., peroxy compounds)
323  DF  .~> Containing -X-N(=X) or -X-N(=X)(=X) bonded directly to carbon, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens (e.g., thionitrite esters, etc.) {1}
327  DF  .~> Organic azide compound, or organic compound having acyclic nitrogen double bonded to acyclic nitrogen (e.g., diazo compounds, etc.) {1}
329  DF  .~> Heterocyclic carbon compound containing a hetero ring having chalcogen or nitrogen as the only ring hetero atoms {6}
354  DF  .~> Aluminum or heavy metal, other than lead, containing {3}
369  DF  .~> Containing -O-S(=O)(=O)O- or -O-S(=O)O- attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding (e.g., sulfate esters, sulfite esters, etc.)
370  DF  .~> Containing organic -S(=O)(=O)O- compound (i.e., sulfonates) {4}
375  DF  .~> Containing compound having phosphorus bonded directly to chalcogen and directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding (e.g., alkyl acid phosphates, etc.) {5}
383  DF  .~> Containing organic -C(=X)X- compound, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, with at least one X being sulfur
384  DF  .~> Organic compound containing -NC or -CN group
385  DF  .~> Containing organic -C(=O)O- compound (e.g., fatty acids, etc.) {8}
412  DF  .~> Organic nitrogen compound containing {12}
435  DF  .~> Sulfur or phosphorus attached directly or indirectly, by nonionic bonding, to carbon of an organic compound
436  DF  .~> Organic oxygen compound containing (e.g., alicyclic alcohols, hypochlorites, etc.) {9}
454  DF  .~> Lead-containing organic compound {1}
456  DF  .~> Halogen bonded directly to carbon
457  DF  .~> Inorganic component (e.g., carbon dioxide, etc.) {1}
459  DF  .~> Solid hydrocarbon polymer containing

DEFINITION

Classification: 44/300

LIQUID FUELS (EXCLUDING FUELS THAT ARE EXCLUSIVELY MIXTURES OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS):

(under the class definition) Compositions pertaining to liquid fuels containing at least one nonhydrocarbon ingredient or solid hydrocarbon polymer ingredient; the fuel itself may be hydrocarbonaceous, such as gasoline, etc., or it may be a nonhydrocarbon fuel, such as alcohol, ether, etc.

(1) Note. Since the lighter mineral oil fractions (naphtha, kerosene, gasoline, etc.) are inherently fuels, this subclass and its indents provide for compositions of such fractions admixed with nonhydrocarbon or solid hydrocarbon polymer material and not limited to a use or function provided for elsewhere; examples of such compositions are gasolines mixed with antioxidants, gum inhibitors, etc.

(2) Note. This subclass and its indents provide not only for compositions of liquid fuels, as supra, but also for compositions of additives intended for incorporation into liquid fuels, the purpose of said additive compositions being to improve the combustion characteristics of the fuel characteristics, per se, of the liquid fuel. Examples of such additive compositions are antiknock compositions, cetane improving compositions, carburetting compositions, smoke reduction compositions, etc.

(3) Note. Since additives to liquid fuel compositions may serve more than a single function, the primary basis of classification for this subclass and its indents is the chemical structure of the nonhydrocarbon ingredient(s) of the composition.

(4) Note. This subclass and its indents provide for processes under the class definition not classified elsewhere, for the production and treatment of the liquid fuel compositions encompassed.

(5) Note. Class 508, Solid Anti-Friction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, subclasses 110+ is the generic residuum for heavy mineral oil fractions admixed with nonhydrocarbon or solid hydrocarbon polymer additive. If such a composition is disclosed solely as a fuel or as a fuel containing a lubricant mixed therewith, Class 44 controls; if it is disclosed solely as a lubricant, Class 508 controls. If there is no use or function limitation, such compositions are divided between Classes 44 and 508 on the basis of their being light or heavy mineral oil fractions, respectively.

(6) Note. Examples of liquid fuel compositions provided for

in this subclass are: (a) the mixture of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with diethyl selenide and (b) the mixture of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with n-butyl lithium. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, particularly

15+, for liquid fuels which are mineral oils or blends of two different mineral oils. The expression "mineral oil" embraces natural petroleum, asphalt, pitches, waxes, and tars which are primarily mixtures of hydrocarbons, as well as distillates of such tars of indeterminate composition. Included also are Fischer-Tropsch crudes, that is, the liquid hydrocarbonaceous mixture resulting from the hydrogenation of a carbon oxide, wood tars, wood tar oils, and wood tar distillates which are similar to coal tar in that they include an unidentified mixture, including hydrocarbons. It embraces "coke" and "resin" only if the "coke" or "resin" results from a Class 208 process performed on a mineral oil or a mineral oil fraction.

252, Compositions,

380+, for stabilizing compositions, per se, even though they may be intended for incorporation into liquid fuels.

585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, particularly

14, for liquid fuels which are mixtures of hydrocarbons, at least one of which is a nonmineral oil hydrocarbon.